Cesarz Antonin Pius (86–161) – gospodarz bogobojny, rozsądny i sprawiedliwy

Kościół San Lorenzo in Miranda -  dawna świątynia Antonina Piusa i Faustyny starszej

Kościół San Lorenzo in Miranda - dawna świątynia Antonina Piusa i Faustyny starszej

Marek Aureliusz, następca Antonina Piusa na cesarskim tronie, nakreślił w swoich Rozmyślaniach obraz swego poprzednika jako człowieka pełnego cnót – łagodnego, ale też niezłomnego w swych przemyślanych decyzjach, pozbawionego próżności, wytrwałego i pracowitego, dla którego najważniejszym celem było działanie dla dobra państwa. Oprócz tego był Antonin Pius mężem wyrozumiałym dla ludzkich słabości, przyjemnym w obyciu i lubiącym żartować (ale bez przesady).

Kościół San Lorenzo in Miranda -  dawna świątynia Antonina Piusa i Faustyny starszej
Cesarz Antonin Pius, Museo Nazionale Romano, Palazzo Massimo
Cesarz Antonin Pius, Museo Nazionale Romano, Palazzo Massimo
Cesarz Antonin Pius, Musei Vaticani
Świątynia Faustyny i Antonina Piusa, obecnie kościół San Lorenzo in Miranda, Forum Romanum
Kolumny portyku świątyni Faustyny i Antonina Piusa, obecnie kościół San Lorenzo in Miranda
Świątynia Faustyny i Antonina Piusa, obenie kościół San Lorenzo in Miranda, Forum Romanum
Cesarz Antonin Pius, Musei Capitolini
Hadrianeum (świątynia boskiego Hadriana)
Pozostałości świątyni Hadriana, Piazza di Pietra
Relief z bazy kolumny Antonina Piusa (niezachowanej) ukazujący apoteozę Faustyny i Antonina Piusa, fragment, Musei Vaticani
Posąg przedstawiający boskiego Antonina Piusa, Museo Nazionale Romano, Palazzo Massimo
Antonin Pius, Museo Palatino
Cesarzowa Faustyna Starsza, żona cesarza Antonina Piusa, Museo Ostia Antica
Faustyna Starsza (Seniora), żona cesarza Antonina Piusa, Musei Vaticani
Faustyna Starsza, żona cesarza Antonina Piusa, Museo Palatino
Faustyna Starsza (od lewej), Antonin Pius (2x), Faustyna Młodsza (córka), Museo Nazionale Romano, Palazzo Massimo
Faustyna Starsza, żona cesarza Antonina Piusa, Museo Nazionale Romano, Palazzo Massimo
Cesarzowa Faustyna Starsza, żona cesarza Antonina Piusa, Museo Ostia Antica
Antonin Pius, Museo Ostia Antica

Marek Aureliusz, następca Antonina Piusa na cesarskim tronie, nakreślił w swoich Rozmyślaniach obraz swego poprzednika jako człowieka pełnego cnót – łagodnego, ale też niezłomnego w swych przemyślanych decyzjach, pozbawionego próżności, wytrwałego i pracowitego, dla którego najważniejszym celem było działanie dla dobra państwa. Oprócz tego był Antonin Pius mężem wyrozumiałym dla ludzkich słabości, przyjemnym w obyciu i lubiącym żartować (ale bez przesady).

      Cesarz Antonin Pius, Museo Nazionale
      Romano, Palazzo Massimo

 

      Antonin Pius, Museo Palatino


O ile relacje starożytnych komentatorów, a cóż dopiero
adoptowanego syna, często różnią się od ustaleń współczesnych historyków, o tyle w tym wypadku potwierdzają oni słowa Marka Aureliusza. Dotyczą one charakteru cesarza, ale też jego stabilnej, wyważonej polityki wewnętrznej, oszczędnego rządzenia i sprawiedliwego prawa. Jedynie jego polityka zagraniczna, a w szczególności brak doświadczenia militarnego i zaistniałe z tego powodu problemy na rubieżach imperium budzą słowa krytyki.

Antonin pochodził z senatorskiej rodziny, a urodził się w południowej Galii (Lanuvium). Po wczesnej śmierci ojca, sprawującego urząd konsula, wychowywał się w rodzinie swego dziadka i drugiego męża matki. Jako młodzieniec zwrócił na siebie uwagę cesarza Hadriana i to on wybrał go w 138 roku na swego następcę. Antonin miał już wtedy 52 lata. Kontynuował politykę swego poprzednika, choć w przeciwieństwie do niego utrzymywał dobre stosunki z senatem. Jeden z nielicznych konfliktów, jakie miał z senatorami, dotyczył jego bezkompromisowego pragnienia wyniesienia Hadriana w poczet bóstw, na co senat w zdecydowany sposób (z powodu dawnych konfliktów z Hadrianem) nie chciał się zgodzić. W końcu Antonin postawił na swoim, wystawił też Hadrianowi okazałą świątynię i liczne posągi i popiersia w całym imperium. Od tej pory zyskał przydomek Pius (prawy, ale też bogobojny), podkreślający jego oddanie dla rodziny i respekt dla bogów. W odróżnieniu od Hadriana rzadko opuszczał Rzym, rządząc za pomocą listów, dekretów i lokalnych zarządców.

Żoną Antonina była Faustyna (Starsza), z którą miał czworo dzieci, w tym Faustynę (Młodszą), poślubioną następnie przez Marka Aureliusza. Jeszcze przed objęciem przez ojca cesarskiej godności reszta dzieci zmarła. Po śmierci żony Antonin doprowadził do jej deifikacji i wybudował na jej cześć świątynię. Licząc na wzrost liczby ludności imperium, rozbudował istniejący do tej pory fundusz alimentacyjny dla dziewcząt i nazwał go jej imieniem (pullae Faustinianae). W okresie klęsk żywiołowych, zarówno w samym Rzymie, jak i na dalekich rubieżach swojego państwa, pomagał finansowo dotkniętym przez nie prowincjom i miastom. Podczas dwudziestotrzyletniego panowania dusił powstania i rewolty w Górnym Egipcie, Dacji czy w Mauretanii, ale na ogół był to czas pokoju i pomyślności. W gospodarce rzymskiej panował okres prosperity – handel, rolnictwo i rzemiosło świetnie się rozwijały, co powodowało szybkie bogacenie się wyższych warstw społeczeństwa i idący za tym boom budowlany w całym imperium. Sprzyjał on również budowlanym inicjatywom cesarza w Rzymie, które po części można do dziś oglądać. Antonin dbał też o dokończenie budowli rozpoczętych przed Hadriana (np. świątynia Wenus i Romy) czy renowację starszych budowli (np. Koloseum).

Za panowania Antonina wciąż praktykowane były tradycyjne kulty, których on sam, konserwatywny w tym względzie, był wielkim orędownikiem. Niemniej również inne religie zyskiwały w tym czasie na popularności – kult Izydy i Mitry  oraz chrześcijaństwo, z którego wyłonił się odłam marcjonizmu (zwolenników Marcjona). Wszystkie one zrzeszały wyznawców poszukujących w religii drogi do zbawieniu i nieśmiertelności. 

Po śmierci cesarza jego zwłoki (nie prochy) złożono w mauzoleum Hadriana (zamek św. Anioła). Senat jednogłośnie zaliczył go w poczet bogów. Jego następca (Marek Aureliusz) wystawił my okazałą kolumnę, która do naszych czasów dotrwała jedynie w drobnej części – niewielkie pozostałości z reliefową dekoracją można oglądać w Muzeach Watykańskich (Musei Vaticani).


 

Budowle powstałe w Rzymie z inicjatywy cesarza:

  •     Świątynia Faustyny i Antonina Piusa na Forum Romanum, wzniesiona dla uczczenia zmarłej żony (141 r.), a później poświęcona także cesarzowi; w VII wieku przebudowana na kościół San Lorenzo in Miranda
  •       Świątynia boskiego Hadriana (Hadrianeum) na Polu Marsowym (145 r.)



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      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '19' and `lang` = 'pl'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 19
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '19' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 19
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '20' and `lang` = 'pl'360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 20
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '20' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 20
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')320μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '21' and `lang` = 'pl'310μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 21
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '21' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 21
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '22' and `lang` = 'pl'390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 22
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '22' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')410μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 22
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '23' and `lang` = 'pl'420μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 23
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '23' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 23
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '24' and `lang` = 'pl'370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 24
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '24' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 24
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '25' and `lang` = 'pl'340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 25
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '25' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 25
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')420μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '26' and `lang` = 'pl'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 26
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '26' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')320μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 26
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')470μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '27' and `lang` = 'pl'430μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 27
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '27' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 27
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '28' and `lang` = 'pl'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 28
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '28' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 28
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '29' and `lang` = 'pl'350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 29
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '29' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 29
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `settings`370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      • select * from `articles` where `id` = '14' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null470μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 14
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')300μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '14' and `lang` = 'pl'360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 14
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '14' and `lang` = 'pl'510μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 14
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '14' and `lang` = 'pl'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 14
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '14'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        • 1. 14
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `articles`.`id` = '14' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 14
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select `articles_categories`.*, `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` as `pivot_article_id`, `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id` from `articles_categories` inner join `articles_categories_join` on `articles_categories`.`id` = `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` where `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` = '14'560μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 14
      • select * from `articles_categories` where `articles_categories`.`id` = '9' limit 1430μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 9
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select * from `attributes` where `key` in ('name') and (`table` = 'articles_categories')390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. name
        • 1. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '9' and `lang` = 'pl'430μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 9
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where `articles_categories`.`id` = '8' limit 1380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 8
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select * from `articles_photos` where `article_id` = '14'470μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 14
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')410μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '204' and `lang` = 'pl'380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 204
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '205' and `lang` = 'pl'350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 205
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '2597' and `lang` = 'pl'410μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 2597
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')450μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '2599' and `lang` = 'pl'360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 2599
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '5161' and `lang` = 'pl'410μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 5161
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '6563' and `lang` = 'pl'410μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 6563
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '6564' and `lang` = 'pl'410μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 6564
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '6565' and `lang` = 'pl'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 6565
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '6566' and `lang` = 'pl'420μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 6566
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '6567' and `lang` = 'pl'420μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 6567
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '6568' and `lang` = 'pl'360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 6568
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '6569' and `lang` = 'pl'350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 6569
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '6570' and `lang` = 'pl'370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 6570
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '6571' and `lang` = 'pl'310μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 6571
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '6572' and `lang` = 'pl'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 6572
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '6573' and `lang` = 'pl'410μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 6573
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')320μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '6574' and `lang` = 'pl'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 6574
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '6576' and `lang` = 'pl'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 6576
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '6577' and `lang` = 'pl'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 6577
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '6579' and `lang` = 'pl'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 6579
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_join` where `article_id` = '14'340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 14
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `id` = '13' and `status` = 'ACTIVE' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 13
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '13' and `lang` = 'pl'430μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 13
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '13' and `lang` = 'pl'650μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 13
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '13' and `lang` = 'pl'350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 13
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '13'330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        • 1. 13
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `articles`.`id` = '13' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select `articles_categories`.*, `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` as `pivot_article_id`, `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id` from `articles_categories` inner join `articles_categories_join` on `articles_categories`.`id` = `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` where `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` = '13'370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 13
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '9' and `lang` = 'pl'350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        • 1. 9
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '80' and `lang` = 'pl'350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        • 1. 80
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '80' and `lang` = 'pl'480μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        • 1. 80
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '80'340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `articles`.`id` = '80' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '9' and `lang` = 'pl'360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '81' and `lang` = 'pl'500μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        • 1. 81
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '81' and `lang` = 'pl'550μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 81
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '81' and `lang` = 'pl'450μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 81
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '81'330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        • 1. 81
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')310μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '123' and `lang` = 'pl'300μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 123
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '123' and `lang` = 'pl'750μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 123
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '123' and `lang` = 'pl'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 123
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '123'380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        • 1. 123
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `articles`.`id` = '123' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 123
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select `articles_categories`.*, `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` as `pivot_article_id`, `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id` from `articles_categories` inner join `articles_categories_join` on `articles_categories`.`id` = `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` where `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` = '123'410μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 123
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '20' and `lang` = 'pl'390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        • 1. 20
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '149' and `lang` = 'pl'390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        • 1. 149
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '149' and `lang` = 'pl'480μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '149' and `lang` = 'pl'370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '149'350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `articles`.`id` = '149' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1320μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
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        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 149
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        • 1. 17
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '167' and `lang` = 'pl'350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 167
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '167' and `lang` = 'pl'500μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 167
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '167' and `lang` = 'pl'500μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 167
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '167'520μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        • 1. 167
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `articles`.`id` = '167' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1410μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select `articles_categories`.*, `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` as `pivot_article_id`, `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id` from `articles_categories` inner join `articles_categories_join` on `articles_categories`.`id` = `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` where `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` = '167'360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 167
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        • 1. 9
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '205'380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `articles`.`id` = '205' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '9' and `lang` = 'pl'360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles_categories' and `entity_id` = '9'360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '8' and `lang` = 'pl'300μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        • 1. 8
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles_categories' and `entity_id` = '8'320μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        • 1. 8
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')310μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '1' and `lang` = 'pl'290μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles_categories' and `entity_id` = '1'320μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')300μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '14' and `lang` = 'pl'290μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '14'550μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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